[Python]random ๋ชจ๋“ˆ

2024. 5. 13. 17:12ใ†[๐Ÿ’ปPython] pearl's python ๋ณ‘์•„๋ฆฌ ํƒˆ์ถœ๊ธฐ ๐Ÿฃ

  • ๋žœ๋ค ๋ชจ๋“ˆ์€ ์ž„์˜์˜ ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์ƒ์„ฑํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜, ๋ฆฌ์ŠคํŠธ ๋‚ด ์›์†Œ๋ฅผ ๋ฌด์ž‘์œ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ์„ž๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์„ ํƒํ•˜๋Š” ํ•จ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“ˆ

random ๋ชจ๋“ˆ์˜ ํ•จ์ˆ˜๋“ค

random() :0์—์„œ 1์‚ฌ์ด์˜ ์‹ค์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์ƒ์„ฑํ•œ๋‹ค. (1์€ ํฌํ•จ x)

 

import random as rd # random๋ชจ๋“ˆ ๋ถˆ๋Ÿฌ์˜ค๊ธฐ 
rd.random()

#0.12345553456 (์ž„์˜์˜ ์‹ค์ˆ˜๊ฐ’์ด ๋‚˜์˜ด)

 

randrange() : ์ง€์ •๋œ ๋ฒ”์œ„ ๋‚ด์˜ ์ •์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๋ฐ˜ํ™˜
rd.randrange(1, 7) # 1์ด์ƒ7๋ฏธ๋งŒ์˜์ •์ˆ˜๋ฅผ๋ฐ˜ํ™˜
rd.randrange(0, 10, 2) #1์ด์ƒ10๋ฏธ๋งŒ์ •์ˆ˜์ค‘2์˜๋ฐฐ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ๋ฐ˜ํ™˜

 

randint(a,b) : a<=n<=b ์‚ฌ์ด์˜ ๋žœ๋คํ•œ ๊ฐ’ n์„ ๋ฐ˜ํ™˜

 

rd.randint(1, 10) # 1์ด์ƒ10์ดํ•˜์˜(1, 10์ดํฌํ•จ)์ž„์˜์˜์ •์ˆ˜๋ฅผ๋ฐ˜ํ™˜

 

shuffle(seq) : ์ฃผ์–ด์ง„ seq ๋ฆฌ์ŠคํŠธ์˜ ์š”์†Œ๋ฅผ ๋žœ๋คํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์„ž๋Š”๋‹ค. 
numlist = [10, 20, 30, 40, 50] 
rd.shuffle(numlist)  
numlist 
#[20, 30, 10, 40, 50]
choice() ์ธ์ž๋กœ ๋“ค์–ด์˜จ ์‹œํ€€์Šค๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ž„์˜์˜ ์›์†Œ๋ฅผ ์ถ”์ถœ
rd.choice(numlist)
sample() ์›์†Œ๋ฅผ ๋žœ๋คํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฐ˜ํ™˜ , ๋ฐ˜ํ™˜ํ•  ์›์†Œ์˜ ๊ฐœ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์ธ์ž๋กœ ๋„ฃ์–ด์ค„์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Œ
rd.sample(numlist, 3)
#[40, 20, 30]